What Is Website Accessibility?
Website accessibility means ensuring that your website can be used by everyone — including people with disabilities. This includes users with vision, hearing, motor, or cognitive impairments.
Table of Contents
The Importance of Inclusive Design
Imagine entering a store but finding no ramp or wide door for a wheelchair. That’s how inaccessible websites feel to users with disabilities. Accessibility ensures equal access and usability for all.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
Not only is accessibility a moral responsibility, but in many countries, it’s also the law. Failing to comply can lead to lawsuits, penalties, and damage to your brand reputation.
Key Accessibility Standards to Follow
WCAG 2.1 Guidelines Overview
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are the gold standard. They are based on four principles: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust (POUR).
ADA Compliance Basics
In the U.S., the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) applies to digital properties. Ensuring ADA compliance protects your business from legal risk.
International Accessibility Laws
- EU Web Accessibility Directive
- Canada’s ACA (Accessible Canada Act)
- UK’s Equality Act 2010
Common Accessibility Issues on Websites
- Low contrast text and backgrounds
- Missing alternative text (alt text) on images
- Confusing form labels
- Navigation that requires a mouse
- Non-descriptive anchor links like “click here”
How to Track Website Accessibility
Manual Auditing
Use a screen reader like NVDA or VoiceOver to simulate the experience of visually impaired users.
Test keyboard-only navigation to ensure users can tab through every element logically.
Automated Tools
Use tools to quickly identify errors:
- Lighthouse (built into Chrome DevTools)
- WAVE by WebAIM
- axe Accessibility Scanner
- Siteimprove
Best Tools for Accessibility Testing
Free Tools
- Google Lighthouse
- WAVE Tool
- axe DevTools Browser Extension
Paid Enterprise-Level Tools
How to Improve Website Accessibility
- Use semantic HTML (like
<nav>,<main>,<article>) - Add descriptive alt text to images
- Ensure all functions can be used with a keyboard only
- Provide form labels and instructions
- Maintain 4.5:1 color contrast ratio
- Add captions and transcripts for video/audio content
Accessible Design Practices
- Use a clean, consistent layout
- Avoid clutter and ensure headings follow hierarchy
- Use responsive design so users can zoom without breaking layout
- Avoid auto-play videos and timeouts that users can’t control
Integrating Accessibility in Your Web Design Process
Start from the beginning with accessibility in mind. Include checks in every development sprint. Train your developers, designers, and content creators on accessibility standards.
Accessibility and SEO: A Perfect Pair
Shared Benefits
Accessibility and SEO are not competitors — they’re allies. Alt text improves screen reader usability and image search rankings. Headings aid screen readers and help Google index content better.
Improved User Experience
Accessible websites are easier for everyone to use — faster, clearer, and more intuitive.
Tracking Accessibility Progress Over Time
Set benchmarks using your first audit. Create a checklist and assign tasks in your dev workflow. Conduct quarterly reviews to track improvements and stay compliant.
Accessibility Plugins and CMS Tools
- WordPress: Use WP Accessibility and Accessibility Checker
- Shopify & Wix: Built-in accessibility settings and add-ons available
Accessibility Statements and Policies
Display an Accessibility Statement on your site. Provide contact info so users can report barriers or request alternative content formats.
Case Studies: Brands Leading in Accessibility
Microsoft
Built inclusive design tools and added accessibility checkers in Office.
Apple
VoiceOver and other built-in accessibility features for all devices.
GOV.UK
Sets the benchmark for clean, accessible public websites worldwide.
Conclusion
Accessibility is more than a checkbox—it’s a commitment to making the web better for everyone. With the right tools, mindset, and regular effort, your website can welcome and empower all users, regardless of ability. Accessibility isn’t just smart—it’s essential.
FAQs 
1. What is the easiest way to start making my website accessible?
Start with automated tools like WAVE, then follow up with manual checks like screen readers.
2. How often should I audit my website for accessibility?
At least once per quarter, and after every major update or redesign.
3. Can improving accessibility help my SEO?
Absolutely. Accessibility improvements like proper headings and alt text also boost search rankings.
4. What happens if my website isn’t accessible?
You risk excluding users, facing legal issues, and damaging your reputation.
5. Is there a certification for accessible websites?
While there’s no universal certification, WCAG compliance and third-party badges can demonstrate your commitment.
